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Tuesday, November 29, 2011

Puja’s Untimely Death and the Health System in West Bengal




Puja Sharma had to die even before knowing, what she is suffering from…
This story has been originated only a few months ego. Puja, a promising girl of 18, had just passed Higher Secondary with outstanding marks. She was planning to go for further studies. But, suddenly, her life had turned to lead its way in another direction. Puja suddenly became very seriously ill. Reason unknown.
The blossoming youth had soon been turned into a terrible disease –bitten figure. Unfortunately, her illness couldn’t be diagnosed by the local doctor. So, Puja was sent to Nilratan Sarkar Medical College Hospital. There she had been kept in the general bed for 21 days! Many tests were done. But alas! Nothing could be diagnosed so far! Ridiculously, she was told not to be afraid so much about her health because she was suffering from ‘gastric problem’, which could be easily treated. Puja, being a daughter of a farmer, obviously couldn’t afford to be admitted in a private hospital (Apollo, Ruby, AMRI, Columbia Asia etc.), where fair amount of money buys you the best treatment. So, she had to remain in the hospital bed of NRS, was actually counting her days. Unfortunately, ‘qualified’ doctors were unavailable even to check her properly; diagnosis remained a ‘dream’. Needless to say, Puja was not an exception in this state, where people who don’t have money to buy treatment, have to submit themselves to the mercy of the Government-run hospital doctors! This ‘mockery of treatment’ is going on for years! Nobody feel to protest against this injustice.
Puja Sharma was released after 21 days of ‘treatment’, without proper diagnosis. She remained at home for days after that, without treatment. But, when someone is suffering from a terrible disorder which even may kill him/her, treatment should be started on the first hand after proper diagnosis, which, the Government-run hospital failed to give her! Eventually, Puja’s illness had been increased day by day and she remained at home without diagnosis. But, she knew by herself that she was going to die….
One day, Puja had fainted inside the bathroom. Her stool pattern was obviously giving the alarm to be aware, but her parents failed to notice! But, after the incident, the anxious parents decided to bring her to a private hospital. So, Puja was admitted to Shishu Mangal Hospital.
Needless to say, it was too late for any hospital to do anything at all! Anything! Shishu Mangal tried their best of course, but had to give up after a while. Puja couldn’t breathe properly by then. So, she had to be put in ventilator.
There she remained for 2 days only, senseless…
The blooming youth had to accept her defeat after 2 days of ‘unconscious’ battle. Puja had to submit herself to death, even before knowing, why she had to die. May she rest in peace…
Puja’s untimely demise has raised several questions before us. If this is the scenario, where even a doctor is unavailable to attend the patient, then, this is the high time to think! Is this system needed to be changed? Or, should it be allowed to remain as it is? What kind of system is this, where the fundamental right of a human being to be treated properly is ‘intentionally’ violated? If a disease even cannot be diagnosed in time and the patient has to keep his/her patience only to wait for the right treatment to come, then why are those doctors for?
But, we should not ignore the first and foremost question. Who is responsible for this untimely death, the system or our consciousness? When will we ever learn?

Published on VNN Bangla (October, 2011)



The Broken: A Doppelganger or a Capgras Delusion?


Sean Ellis’s The Broken was actually made as another horror movie, probably to increase the number of movies in the much-clichéd genre of Hollywood film industry. But, when I went to watch the movie, the first and foremost question came to my mind was, what could be the film’s actual subject matter, if it could incorporate the actual phenomenon? Could that be the quasi-abnormal phenomenon, Doppelganger, or the unusual psychotic disorder, the Capgras Delusion?
Before going into depth, I must first introduce the subject-duo, otherwise, it may seem strange to the readers. Capgras Delusion is not actually a phenomenon, but a psychotic disorder. A quite unusual or more precisely, rare psychological disease, but this can happen to anyone at a given point of time. Capgras Delusion is derived from Schizophrenia, which causes a very much unusual phenomenon. If anyone suffers from this kind of delusional syndrome, he or she may confuse his or her spouse with an imposter. The central character’s trauma in The Broken somehow resembles the disorder.
The Doppelganger phenomenon itself has a German orientation. It is used to describe the sensation of one for having glimpsed oneself in the peripheral vision. It has nothing to do with one’s mirror image. It is something like alternate self. In some tradition, it is the harbinger of death.
The Broken by Sean Ellis was released in 2008. The film, starred by Ulrich Thomsen, Lena Headey, Richard Jenkins, starts with a quote from Edgar Allan Poe, ‘You have conquered, and I yield yet. Henceforward art thou also dead—dead to the world, to heaven, and to hope! In me didst thou exist—and—in my death—see by this image, which is thine own. How utterly thou hast murdered thyself.’ In this film, the bizarre things starts happening with the mirror suddenly breaks down out of nowhere, in the birthday party of John McVey. Everybody gets a bit startled and scared at first, but after a while, they manage to laugh.  
After the incident, Dr. Gina McVey, the central character, starts getting confused about her own image. After returning from the birthday party, she gets a hot bath. When she looks at the wet image of herself in the mirror, she gets confused about her own image. And then, the mirror glass breaks down.
Things start getting more topsy-turvy, when, in hospital, the ghostly double of radiologist Gina McVey appears and makes coffee for herself without the knowledge of Gina. Gina feels somebody is passing through the passage, but cannot see her face properly. When Gina sees the coffee cup on the floor, she gets puzzled once again because she did not make coffee. There she meets her fellow radiologist Anthony who asks her, ‘did you forget something? I just saw you leaving to go home.’ Gina answers, ‘No, I was here.’ Anthony then looks more puzzled and says, ‘That’s funny. I could’ve sworn, I saw you leaving the building.’
When Gina McVey goes to call Stephan Martin, her boyfriend, watches with her own eyes her ghostly double is driving her Cherokee Jeep while speaking in a cell phone she gets completely bewildered and follows the double inside Pembridge House. There she finds out her own photograph with her father, John McVey. She completely loses control over herself and blindly follows the double. Thereafter we find her inside the car, driving fanatically, while looking at her own image inside the car-mirror. Lost in deep thought, she crashes her car with another one.
Gina survives the accident, but loses all memories regarding it. She gets a bit disoriented. Some fragments of the memories regarding accident comes and disappears in her mind. Dr. Robert Zachman appears on the scene to get the psychological scar out of her unconscious.
When Gina comes back home with Stephan Martin, she starts getting puzzled about her boyfriend. His behaviour seems strange to her. Her confusion deepens, when the dog bites Stephan. Gina notices a leak upstairs and goes to the lot for fixing it. Stephan catches her there, and he seems to be extremely rude at that time. This is when she seriously begins to doubt him as an imposter. In her imagination, Stephan is superimposed with a violent creature. In her dream, she also begins to see that she is killing herself.
Gina, totally bewildered, goes to Dr. Robert Zachman and says, ‘I don’t think, Stephan is my boyfriend. He looks like him, but he is not him.’ Dr. Zachman appears to be very casual at first and begins to stress on the complexity of love relations, but Gina again repeats firmly, ‘The man in the apartment is not my boyfriend.’
Dr. Zachman gets her words. He clearly explains her; she may be suffering from the Capgras Syndrome. He says, it is a disorder, specially, ‘when people begin to believe, a close acquaintance, generally a family member or a spouse, has been replaced by an identical looking imposter, and the condition in most cases is a direct result of brain lesion.’ In hospital, the brain scan report shows some bruises on the same part of her brain, from where the Capgras Delusion usually occurs.
Doctors say, it is also difficult to diagnose because, the symptoms due to the accident is similar to the mental illness driving from Capgras Delusion. So, doctors get confused, whether the loss of memory and the feeling of disorientation are taking place because of Capgras Delusion or a damaged brain.
Apart from Gina, strange things start happening to other family members too. Her father, John McVey is started being seen by his secretary, Mary, on the street at lunch time. When John is questioned, he replies, he has been inside the office room throughout the day. Mary reacts like Anthony in Gina’s hospital, ‘I could have sworn…’, then keeps the sentence incomplete and goes away for her own work.
Kate, Gina’s sister-in-law, comes back home at evening and begins looking for Daniel, her husband. Failed to get access to him, she calls him at last. We see Daniel inside the studio. He looks strange and stands still, but does not receive the phone. At the same time, a ghostly double of Kate appears in the flat and murders Kate. The scene reminds back the memory of Hitchcock’s Psycho, but the murder takes place without a knife!
At the mean time, the Capgras Delusion seems to gobble John McVey. A puzzled John looks at the photo given to him by Gina, and says, ‘Perhaps, it’s not me.’
When Gina comes back to the apartment to get her things packed, she again tries to find out, what causes the leak and discovers dead Stephan Martin up at the lot. She then was persuaded by the ghostly double of Stephan, (whom she has doubted and doctors diagnosed the syndrome as Capgras Delusion). Gina calls her father, who advises her to stay calm, but just aftermath, he himself is killed by his own ghostly double, whom his secretary Mary has seen on the street. When Gina calls Daniel and tells him that now she remembers fully how the accident has occurred, that she followed a woman to the Pembridge House, who looks exactly like her, Daniel reminds her that Pembridge House is the building where Gina herself lives! Gina rushes to the apartment (her own) and finds out her own ‘dead body’! The ‘fragments’ then become much more clearer and she fully remembers now, how she has murder the ‘woman’ herself, who looks ‘exactly like her’ or the ‘real’ Gina McVey. She by now discovers that she herself is the ‘ghostly double’ of Dr. Gina McVey, the radiologist, whom she had murdered days ago and thereafter she had met with the disastrous accident,  just because she was lost in deep thought and was looking at the mirror to see the blood of Gina all over her face.
The rest of the film is as simple as that. Gina’s double meets with the ghostly double of her father and is completely transformed into another human being, a stranger who looks exactly like Gina, whom Daniel scares of, Anthony does not recognize properly. In the whole film, it is Daniel, who is the only surviving original.  
The film ends here, left us with some questions that remain unanswered. Are they all, except Daniel, suffering from Capgras Delusion? Or, they have all been murdered by their ghostly doubles or ‘Doppelganger’ in another word, throughout the film? If that so, then the film depicts that the ghostly double or the doppelganger only exists after murdering the original (a myth that other films belong to Doppelganger genre tried to depict too).
Dis Sean Ellis try to give us a message by surviving the doppelgangers that in this world of utter corruption, where man kills man for money, the scenario had been changed? That, today evil prevails over the good?
Who knows?

Suchetana Chakraborty

Binoche of Bengal and Bergman’s ‘Nudity’!!


‘Juliette Binoche’ of Bengal is now enlightening our pride by walking on the carpet of Cannes Film Festival.
It may confuse our readers as an eminent French actress like Juliette Binoche has never come to Bengal to take part in a film. Neither are we talking about Binoche herself. This article aspires to discuss about a well-known (internationally) Bengali actress, who compares herself with the worldwide acclaimed superstar. Well, if she thinks, she is the ‘Binoche of Bengal’, we, the people of Bengal should not have any problem with that. But, her meaningless blabbering went beyond that, which made us more confused. Paoli Dam, the actress we are talking about, has recently joined the list of Indian actresses who walked on the honourary Cannes carpet. Her latest film, ‘Chhatrak (Mushroom)’, directed by Srilankan filmmaker Vimukthi Jayasundara, has made its debut in Cannes. The film, on its first appearance, has stormed the media worldwide because of its widespread usage of sexual intercourse. Nice marketing strategy, no doubt! And, of course, in a country like India, it was firmly criticized.
Usage of nudity in art is a worldwide accepted concept nowadays.  Nobody makes objection, if a sexual activity is properly dealt with. This concept has drawn its origin from the artists like Michelangelo, Da Vinci. Nudity in Greek art is worldwide famous. Later, nudity has made its appearance in cinema. Worldwide acclaimed filmmakers like Godard, Truffaut, Passolini, Tarkovsky, Bunuel and Kieslowski widely used nudity as an art form. But, those films never intended to arouse sexual pleasure like pornography. That was never ‘nudity for the sake of nudity’. That was a form of art, which has inspired the film makers worldwide. Godard used nudity to create distraction towards sex. Passolini used excessive perversion, but that was also a different art form. Traffuat’s use of nudity attached another meaning to his creation. Later makers like Giuseppe Tornatore, Bernardo Bertolucci, Nagisa Osima, Michael Haneke, Amos Gitai, and Lars Von Trier used nudity in a different form. The nudity used by Haneke or Von Trier cannot attract anybody. Rather, this kind of creation is meant for creating distraction towards sexual perversion, sometimes beyond tolerance.
Vimukthi’s latest creation is yet to release. But, it has already made its debut in Cannes. The video they have posted on various online video sites like Youtube, created storm all over India. Actress Paoli Dam, who has compared herself with Binoche, has been interviewed by national and regional media for her prolonged nude performance. Her reply to this question was satisfactory. Nudity as a form of art is an acceptable concept worldwide and has been in use since the days of French New Wave. Then why she would not be able to do that? Just because she is an Indian? Right she is.
But after that what she started saying was completely beyond understanding and also humiliating for Indians. Paoli was more than confident and firmly answered to the questions asked by the journalists. (I am talking about an exclusive interview in a Bengali daily). But some things went wrong afterwards. In an answer, she mentioned that ‘Indian audience does not tend to watch international movies’! (Then who goes to watch Kolkata or Goa Film Festivals, Almighty knows!) Her contemptuous reaction towards the audience of her own country has startled the film buffs. This is the point, when her attitude has begun to be in question.
Well, if she would have stopped there, it was better. But, she did not.
Paoli thereafter began to explain, she has been born and raised in a liberal family and is watching international movies. This is very good attitude, no doubt. But, when she was asked to mention 2 or 3 of her favourite international directors who has used nudity as an art form, she confidently mentioned 2 names who had never used or very slightly used (not in a purpose to serve aesthetics) nudity instead of Godard or Passolini. Alfred Hitchcock has once used a partially nude scene (Frenzy) for one or two minutes perhaps for the purpose to describe a rape scene. Bergman has never vividly used any nude scene to serve his purpose. But, Paoli has confidently mentioned these two names where there were plenty of options! Godard or Passolini are old buffs. If she tends to watch international cinema intently, she should have at least mentioned today’s Amos Gitai or Bernardo Bertolucci. They are worldwide acclaimed film directors who use nudity as an art form. Lars Von Trier or Michael Haneke is comparatively new in the genre. Paoli’s answer has clearly startled the Bengal film buffs. Instead of that, Alfred Hitchcock and Ingmar Bergman? Well, this was clearly not expected from an international movie watcher!
 Anyway, best wishes to ‘Chhatrak’ (Mushroom).

Published on International Movie Network (October, 2011)